What is the process of waste separation?

Waste segregation at source can reduce up to 250 tonnes of dump from entering into landfills.

Waste segregation can be defined as the process of identifying, classifying,dividing and sorting of garbage and waste products in an effort to reduce, reuse and recycle materials.

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In order to segregate waste appropriately, it is important to correctly identify the type waste that is generated. For the purposes of waste segregation at source, waste is identified and classified into the following categories depending on their biological, physical and chemical properties:

• Dry Waste &#; Refers to all items that are not considered wet/soiled items. This includes both recyclable and non-recyclable materials. Dry waste includes items such as bottles, cans, clothing, plastic, wood, glass, metals and paper.
• Wet Waste &#; Refers to all items that are organic like food items, soiled food wrappers, hygiene products, yard waste, tissues and paper towels, as well as any other soiled item that would contaminate the recyclables.
• Sanitary Waste &#; Refers to all liquid or solid waste originating solely from humans and human activities. (Can also include items from medical waste)
• Hazardous Household Waste &#; Refers to all household products that contain corrosive, toxic, ignitable, or reactive ingredients, other than used oil.
• E-Waste &#; Refers to all kinds of electronic waste.
• Hazardous Waste &#; Refers to all items, products and by-products that contain corrosive, toxic, ignitable or reactive ingredients.
• Inert Waste &#; Refers to waste items that are neither chemically or biologically reactive nor decompose easily.

Significance of Waste Segregation

Waste segregation is critical because of the fact that certain types of wastes can be hazardous and can contaminate the environment if not managed correctly. (Some of these types of waste may also have the potential to cause disease or get into water supplies or contaminate the land with different types of leachates.)

When waste is unsegregated, it may get contaminated with different types of waste being stored together. Such waste cannot be treated or managed and most of the time end up being dumped into local dump yards or landfills. With waste segregation, management of different types of wastes becomes possible. This directly results in reduced amounts of waste being dumped at dump yards or landfills.

Waste Segregation is always step one for all types of waste management solutions that may be implemented either on individual level or community level.

Color Codes for Bins

For ease of waste segregation, the disposal bins are color coded.

Type of WasteColor of BinWet WasteGreenDry WasteBlueSanitary WasteRedE-WasteBlack or GreyHazardous WasteBlack

Placement of Bins for Waste Segregation at Source

The best way to segregate waste is to segregate it at source. To enable this, it is always recommended to place the right type of bin in the respective area.

Areas

Wet Waste

Dry Waste

Sanitary Waste

E-WasteHazardous WasteBedroomKitchenToiletsLiving RoomDinning RoomCommon AreasCollection Area

List of items and the category to segregate them by

Here is a list of waste items that have been generated by almost everyone at one point or the other.

Waste ItemWaste Category Vegetable PeelsWet Waste Fruit PeelsWet Waste Rotten VegetablesWet Waste Rotten FruitsWet Waste Left over foodWet Waste Mango SeedsWet Waste Used Tea BagsWet Waste Used Coffee Powder from FilterWet Waste Egg ShellsWet Waste Rotten EggsWet Waste Coconut ShellsWet Waste Tender Coconut ShellsWet Waste Used Leaves & Flowers
from PujaWet Waste Spoiled SpicesWet Waste Floor Sweeping DustWet Waste Meat & Non-Veg Food RemainsWet Waste BonesWet Waste Mop StickDry Waste Used Mop ClothDry Waste Toilet Cleaning BrushDry Waste Brush & Scrubs used for CleaningDry Waste Used & Dirty Floor MatsDry Waste Bottles & Container of PesticidesDry Waste Mosquito Repellent Refill BottlesHazardous Household Waste Mosquito Repellent MatsHazardous Household Waste Used OdonilHazardous Household Waste Used Sanitary PadsSanitary Waste Used Sanitary ClothsSanitary Waste Used CondomsSanitary Waste Used Syringes'Sanitary Waste Used Cotton & BandageSanitary Waste Used Tooth BrushDry Waste Soap CoversDry Waste Chocolate WrappersDry Waste Butter Paper (Wrapping for Butter)Dry Waste Milk CoversDry Waste Ghee/Oil PacketsDry Waste Batter PacketsDry Waste Oil CansDry Waste Food PackagingsWet Waste Expired Food PackagesDry Waste Expired MedicinesHazardous Household Waste Tablets CoversHazardous Household Waste Medicine Syrup BottleHazardous Household Waste Injection BottlesHazardous Household Waste Other Medicinal DiscardsHazardous Household Waste Finger or Toe NailsWet Waste Any piece of cloth, paper
stained with blood or
any other medical or
sanitary wasteSanitary Waste NewspaperDry Waste Used Paper PiecesDry Waste Old PostsDry Waste Broken Stationary
(Pen, Pencil,Eraser)Dry Waste Used RazorDry Waste Used Razor BladesDry Waste Empty Shampoo
BottleDry Waste Empty Perfume
BottleDry Waste HairWet Waste Left Over Pet
FoodWet Waste ThermocolDry Waste BatteriesE-Waste CD'sE-Waste CFL, Tube LightHazardous Household Waste Printer CartridgesE-Waste Broken Watch ElectronicsE-Waste Broken
ThermometerHazardous Household Waste DiapersSanitary Waste Empty Bottles of
Floor & Toilet
CleanersHazardous Household Waste Button CellsE-Waste Broken GlassDry Waste Broken Household
Plastic ItemsDry Waste Aluminium CansDry Waste Used Pieces of
Aluminium FoilsDry Waste Old BroomsDry Waste Garden LeavesWet Waste WeedsWet Waste Dried FlowersWet Waste Tissue PaperDry Waste Tissue Paper
(used for Medical or Sanitary Purposes)Sanitary Waste Used Cooking OilHazardous Household Waste Thermocol Balls
from Bean BagsDry Waste Small Broken ToysDry Waste Bottles or Cans of Mosquito SpraysHazardous Household Waste Used bottles, tubes, cans of shaving creamDry Waste FlouroscentsHazardous Household Waste Button CellsHazardous Household Waste Old PaintsHazardous Household Waste Used OilsWet Waste LeatherDry Waste RexineDry Waste FurnitureDry Waste Bottles or Cans of Insecticide SpraysHazardous Household Waste Bottles or Cans of Room FreshnersHazardous Household Waste Used bottles, tubes, cans of DeodrantDry Waste Used bottles, tubes, cans of Creams, etcDry Waste Broken/Damaged Computer PeripheralsE-Waste Broken/Damaged
TelevisionE-Waste Broken/Damaged RadiosE-Waste

Government Directives on Waste Segregation

Several government departments, pollution control boards and the National Green Tribunal have made Waste Segregation at Source Mandatory across the country in efforts to promote decentralized waste management.

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Waste Segregation: All you need to Know

Description

Waste segregation at source is mandatory as it can reduce up to 250 metric tonnes of dump from entering into dumpyards or landfills.

Author

Team GreenSutra

Publisher Name

GreenSutra

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Magnetic separation is separating components of mixtures by using different types of magnets to attract magnetic materials. The process that is used for magnetic separation detaches non-magnetic material from those that are magnetic.

Magnetic separation can be used in different environments and markets, so are magnetic separators used primarily for recovering metal from waste or purifying secondary materials by removing metals. But magnetic separators are also used in electromagnetic cranes that separate magnetic material from scraps and unwanted substances. Magnetic separation is also used in the mining and mineral industry and plays a small role in the food and pharmaceutical industry. For example, to remove metal contaminants from product streams.

How is a magnetic separator used in recycling applications?

A magnetic separator consists of a powerful electromagnet placed or suspended from a ceiling or device. Materials can be passed over a tabletop magnetic separator, while suspended magnetic separators often hover over material to remove imperfections. Magnetic separators can also be cylinders that objects pass through.

In the recycling industry, magnets are commonly used to attract ferrous materials, such as tin, iron, steel, and many more. Magnets are found along assembly lines where they will be placed either above or below the conveyor belts to attract said materials or minerals.

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