Are FKM and Viton the same?

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In industrial applications where resistance to extreme temperatures, chemicals, and fluids is crucial, polymers like FKM and Viton play a significant role. These materials are often considered interchangeable, but are FKM and Viton really the same? In this blog, we will dive into the chemistry, properties, and manufacturing of these synthetic elastomers to shed light on the similarities and differences between FKM and Viton.

1. Unveiling the Chemistry of FKM and Viton:

FKM, short for Fluorocarbon Rubber, and Viton, an ExxonMobil trademarked name for their fluoroelastomer, are both based on the same core chemical structure - hexafluoropropylene (HFP), vinylidene fluoride (VDF), and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE). However, it is essential to understand that FKM is a generic term for several fluoroelastomers, whereas Viton is a specific brand within the FKM family.

2. Manufacturing and Properties:

The manufacturing process plays a pivotal role in determining the properties of FKM and Viton. These elastomers are commonly produced by a technique called copolymerization, where the monomers undergo a chemical reaction to form a polymer chain. The variation in the monomer ratio and the addition of curing agents during production define the specific characteristics of each compound.

Both FKM and Viton exhibit excellent resistance to chemicals, heat, and UV exposure, making them suitable for extreme operating conditions. Their elastomeric nature allows them to maintain flexibility while withstanding elevated temperatures. However, it's important to note that the properties can differ between various grades of FKM, including Viton.

3. Understanding the Grade Distinctions:

Different application requirements demand various formulations of FKM and Viton. Manufacturers have developed a range of grades within the FKM family to cater to specific industry needs. These variants differ in terms of temperature resistance, chemical resistance, compression set, and other characteristics.

Viton, as a branded product, is available in various formulations such as Viton A, Viton B, Viton F, and more. Each grade provides distinct advantages for specific applications, showcasing differences in mechanical properties and chemical resistance. These variations explain why an FKM compound from one manufacturer might display slightly different behavior compared to Viton, even though they share a common base chemistry.

4. Clarity Amidst the Confusion:

The confusion between FKM and Viton arises from the industry's interchangeable use of the terms. Many suppliers and end-users use the name Viton to describe any fluoroelastomer, even if it is not manufactured by ExxonMobil. This practice can muddy the waters, leading to misconceptions and misunderstandings.

To ensure you are obtaining the specific characteristics required for your application, it is crucial to verify the material's grade and specifications instead of relying solely on the brand name. A comprehensive understanding of the different FKM grades and their properties empowers you to make informed decisions based on your precise needs.

Conclusion:

While FKM and Viton share a common core chemistry, they are not identical. FKM is a broader term encompassing a range of fluoroelastomers, and Viton is just one brand within that family. Understanding the chemical composition, manufacturing process, and grade distinctions helps clarify the differences between FKM and Viton.

When selecting a fluoroelastomer for your application, it is essential to delve deeper into the specific grade's properties rather than relying solely on brand names. By doing so, you can ensure optimal performance, durability, and compatibility for your unique industrial needs.

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